Acromioclavicular Joint

 

Overview

The acromioclavicular (AC) joint is a small but significant joint located at the top of the shoulder, where the clavicle (collarbone) meets the acromion, part of the scapula (shoulder blade). Despite its size, the AC joint plays a crucial role in allowing arm movement above the head and across the body. Any discomfort or dysfunction in this joint can significantly affect everyday tasks such as lifting, reaching, or carrying objects.

At Alton Pain Clinic, we understand that shoulder discomfort can be disruptive to both daily activities and physical performance. Our clinicians offer detailed assessment and tailored management options, including ultrasound-guided cortisone injections for targeted AC joint pain management.

Anatomy of the AC Joint

The AC joint is a synovial joint, meaning it is lined with cartilage and contains synovial fluid to allow smooth movement. Key structures include:

  • Clavicle: The long bone running across the top of the chest, connecting the shoulder to the sternum.
  • Acromion: A bony projection of the scapula that forms the highest point of the shoulder.
  • Joint Capsule: Encloses the joint and provides stability.
  • Ligaments: The acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments help maintain joint position and prevent separation.

Due to its frequent use in lifting and overhead movements, the AC joint is prone to wear, injury, and inflammation.

Common Causes of AC Joint Pain

Several conditions can affect the AC joint, leading to discomfort and limited range of motion:

  1. Osteoarthritis — Wear and tear of the joint cartilage over time.
  2. Acute Injury — Falls or direct blows to the shoulder can cause sprains, separations, or fractures.
  3. Overuse Injuries — Repetitive lifting or overhead movements common in sports or certain occupations.
  4. Inflammation — Such as synovitis or bursitis around the joint.

Symptoms of AC Joint Problems

AC joint discomfort can present in a variety of ways, including:

  • Pain localised at the top of the shoulder
  • Discomfort when bringing the arm across the body
  • Swelling or tenderness over the joint
  • Pain during lifting, pushing, or pulling movements
  • Restricted shoulder motion

Symptoms can develop gradually from degenerative changes or appear suddenly after an injury.

Diagnosis

Clinicians at Alton Pain Clinic begin with a detailed medical history and physical examination, assessing tenderness, swelling, and joint mobility. Diagnostic imaging may be recommended, such as:

  • Ultrasound: To visualise soft tissue structures and guide injections.

Management Approaches

AC joint discomfort can often be addressed with a combination of strategies tailored to the individual’s needs and lifestyle:

Lifestyle and Activity Modifications

  • Avoiding activities that aggravate the joint
  • Adjusting posture and movement patterns

Medication

  • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be considered to manage pain and inflammation

Ultrasound-Guided Cortisone Injections at Alton Pain Clinic

For individuals experiencing persistent AC joint pain, ultrasound-guided cortisone injections can be considered as part of a wider management plan.

Cortisone is a corticosteroid that can be used to reduce inflammation within the joint. When administered with ultrasound guidance, clinicians can place the medication with high precision directly into the AC joint space, helping to minimise discomfort during the procedure and improving targeting accuracy.

Benefits of Ultrasound Guidance

Ultrasound guidance offers several advantages when performing injections:

  • Precision: Ensures accurate placement of the needle into the joint space.
  • Real-Time Imaging: Allows clinicians to visualise surrounding structures during the procedure.
  • Reduced Discomfort: Minimises the risk of injecting outside the intended area.

Why Choose Alton Pain Clinic

At Alton Pain Clinic, we are committed to providing patient-centred care, combining clinical expertise with advanced imaging techniques. Our approach is focused on thorough assessment, clear explanation of options, and procedures performed with precision.

Post-Procedure Advice

After an ultrasound-guided cortisone injection:

  • Rest the shoulder for 24–48 hours
  • Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activity for a short period
  • Gradually return to normal activities as advised by your clinician

Final Thoughts

The acromioclavicular joint, though small, plays a big role in shoulder movement and stability. Understanding its anatomy, common problems, and available management options can help individuals make informed decisions about their care.

At Alton Pain Clinic, our clinicians combine detailed assessment with targeted procedures such as ultrasound-guided cortisone injections, aiming to support shoulder function and daily comfort.

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