Ultrasound-Guided Injections for Knee Osteoarthritis at Alton Pain Clinic

 

Ultrasound-Guided Injections for Knee Osteoarthritis

Introduction

Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common conditions affecting joints, particularly in older adults. It is a gradual process in which the smooth cartilage that cushions the knee begins to break down. This can lead to stiffness, discomfort, and reduced mobility. For many people, it makes everyday activities such as walking, climbing stairs, or exercising more difficult.

At Alton Pain Clinic, clinicians provide ultrasound-guided injections as part of a comprehensive approach to managing knee osteoarthritis. Ultrasound ensures that each injection is delivered with precision, allowing treatments such as cortisone, hyaluronic acid, Arthrosamid, and Cingal to be accurately placed within the joint.

This blog explores the anatomy of the knee, the nature of osteoarthritis, management strategies, and how ultrasound-guided injections can support care at Alton Pain Clinic.

Anatomy of the Knee

The knee joint is one of the largest and most complex joints in the body. Its main components include:

  • Bones — The femur (thigh bone), tibia (shin bone), and patella (kneecap).
  • Cartilage — Articular cartilage covers the ends of the bones, providing a smooth surface for motion. The medial and lateral menisci act as shock absorbers.
  • Ligaments — The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), medial collateral ligament (MCL), and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) provide stability.
  • Synovial membrane — Produces synovial fluid for lubrication.
  • Muscles and tendons — The quadriceps and hamstrings drive movement, while the patellar tendon connects the muscles to the tibia.

This complex design allows the knee to bear weight and perform a wide range of everyday movements.

Pathology of Knee Osteoarthritis

Knee osteoarthritis occurs when the cartilage protecting the bones of the knee gradually wears down. Without adequate cartilage, the bones may rub against one another, leading to changes such as:

  • Thinning or loss of cartilage.
  • Bony outgrowths (osteophytes).
  • Inflammation of the joint lining.
  • Thickening of the capsule around the joint.
  • Reduction in joint space.

These changes contribute to the discomfort, stiffness, and functional limitations often associated with the condition.

Causes and Risk Factors

Several factors increase the likelihood of developing knee osteoarthritis, including:

  • Ageing.
  • Family history of joint conditions.
  • Previous injuries, such as ligament or cartilage damage.
  • Carrying excess body weight.
  • Repetitive stress from occupation or sport.
  • Coexisting joint conditions.

Symptoms of Knee Osteoarthritis

The presentation of knee osteoarthritis varies between individuals but may include:

  • Pain during or after activity.
  • Morning stiffness or stiffness after sitting.
  • Swelling around the joint.
  • Decreased flexibility and range of motion.
  • Clicking, grinding, or popping sensations (crepitus).
  • Difficulty with walking, standing, or weight-bearing tasks.

Diagnosis

Clinicians assess knee osteoarthritis through history, examination, and diagnostic imaging such as:

  • Ultrasound — Useful for identifying fluid and guiding injections accurately.

Management of Knee Osteoarthritis

Management depends on severity and lifestyle factors. Approaches may include:

  • Weight management and exercise modification.
  • Ultrasound-guided injections.

Ultrasound-Guided Injections at Alton Pain Clinic

Clinicians at Alton Pain Clinic provide a variety of ultrasound-guided injections for knee osteoarthritis. Ultrasound enables real-time visualisation of the joint, ensuring accurate delivery of treatment.

1. Cortisone Injections

Cortisone is a corticosteroid that helps to calm inflammation inside the joint.

Mechanism of action:

  • Modifies inflammatory chemicals within the joint.
  • Reduces swelling in the synovial lining.
  • May reduce irritation of surrounding nerves.

2. Hyaluronic Acid Injections

Hyaluronic acid is naturally present in joint fluid, acting as a lubricant and shock absorber. Its levels decrease in osteoarthritis.

Mechanism of action:

  • Restores thickness of synovial fluid.
  • Improves lubrication for smoother motion.
  • Provides cushioning between joint surfaces.

3. Arthrosamid Injections

Arthrosamid is a polyacrylamide hydrogel that integrates into the joint tissue.

Mechanism of action:

  • Creates cushioning by acting as a gel within the joint.
  • Reduces friction between cartilage surfaces.
  • Forms a supportive layer to aid movement.

4. Cingal Injections

Cingal combines hyaluronic acid with a corticosteroid, providing dual benefits.

Mechanism of action:

  • Hyaluronic acid improves lubrication and cushioning.
  • Cortisone calms inflammation.
  • Together, they address multiple aspects of osteoarthritis.

Importance of Ultrasound Guidance

Ultrasound guidance allows clinicians at Alton Pain Clinic to:

  • Visualise the joint during the procedure.
  • Direct the needle precisely to the intended location.
  • Avoid damage to tendons, ligaments, and blood vessels.
  • Confirm accurate placement before delivery of the injection.

Why Choose Alton Pain Clinic

  • Specialist clinicians with expertise in musculoskeletal conditions.
  • Dedicated to precision through ultrasound guidance.
  • Wide range of treatment options for knee osteoarthritis.
  • Individualised care tailored to patient needs.

Conclusion

Knee osteoarthritis is a progressive condition that can limit mobility and affect daily life. Its management often requires a combination of strategies, including exercise, lifestyle adjustments, and targeted injections.

At Alton Pain Clinic, clinicians provide ultrasound-guided injections such as cortisone, hyaluronic acid, Arthrosamid, and Cingal. Delivered with precision, these treatments are tailored to address key aspects of knee osteoarthritis.

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